Jets, Drones & Refineries: Europe Remembers Geopolitics

It looks like the Europeans may have figured out that Russia’s war plans don’t end in Ukraine, so more and more countries are beginning to send aid to the Ukrainians. The Americans, however, are still working through flawed economics and political considerations.

The Norwegian government has decided to send some F-16s to Ukraine, joining Denmark, the Netherlands, and others in providing military support. The most important shift we’re seeing in aid sent to Ukraine is that it is intended to be used on Russian infrastructure and military units…within the Russian border.

The Biden administration’s caution regarding Ukrainian targeting is based on flawed economic analysis and pointless political considerations. This has led us to a strange intersection of this war, where Europe is done limiting Ukraine’s actions in fighting, but the more commonly aggressive American stance is still lagging behind.

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Here at Zeihan On Geopolitics we select a single charity to sponsor. We have two criteria:

First, we look across the world and use our skill sets to identify where the needs are most acute. Second, we look for an institution with preexisting networks for both materials gathering and aid distribution. That way we know every cent of our donation is not simply going directly to where help is needed most, but our donations serve as a force multiplier for a system already in existence. Then we give what we can.

Today, our chosen charity is a group called Medshare, which provides emergency medical services to communities in need, with a very heavy emphasis on locations facing acute crises. Medshare operates right in the thick of it. Until future notice, every cent we earn from every book we sell in every format through every retailer is going to Medshare’s Ukraine fund.

And then there’s you.

Our newsletters and videologues are not only free, they will always be free. We also will never share your contact information with anyone. All we ask is that if you find one of our releases in any way useful, that you make a donation to Medshare. Over one third of Ukraine’s pre-war population has either been forced from their homes, kidnapped and shipped to Russia, or is trying to survive in occupied lands. This is our way to help who we can. Please, join us.

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TranscripT

Hey, everybody. Peter Zeihan here, coming to you from a very windy Colorado. It is the 16th of April, and the news today is that the Norwegian government has announced that they are joining the coalition of growing countries that is setting F-16 jets to Ukraine, specifically the foreign minister, a guy by the name of Aspen Barth, I’d, probably has said specifically he hopes and encourages the Ukrainians to use the jets that at the moment are being provided by a coalition of Norway, Denmark and the Netherlands, to stark to target infrastructure and military units actually in Russia proper.

In fact, his phrase was the deeper the better lot going on here to impact. So number one, to this point, the NATO countries have tried to limit the direct attacks by the Ukrainians with their equipment or with equipment that is donated, in order to prevent an escalation. But a few people’s minds have been tripped in recent days because the Ukrainians are now using one and two tonne bombs to completely obliterate civilian infrastructure and are going after aid workers, including, things like E-m-s services.

And this is really tripped the minds of a lot of people in northern Europe in particular, that this war is now gotten way too serious to have any sort of guardrails on what the Ukrainians can target. The French. Well, they have not weighed in on this topic specifically. They’re now openly discussing when, not whether when French troops are going to be deployed to Ukraine to assist the Ukrainians in a rearguard action.

And we have a number of other countries, especially in the Baltics and in Central Europe, that are also wanting to amp up the European commitment to the war. In part, this is just the recognition that if Ukraine falls, they’re all next, and in part is that the United States has abdicated a degree of leadership, both because of targeting restrictions and because there’s a faction within the House of Representatives that is preventing aid from flowing to Ukraine.

So the Europeans are stepping up. In fact, they’ve been stepping up now for nine months. They provided more military and financial aid to the Ukrainians each and every month for nine months now. And this is just kind of the next logical step in that process, which puts the United States in this weird position of being the large country that is arguing the most vociferously for a dialing back of targeting, by Ukraine, of Russian assets in Russia.

If you guys remember, back about three weeks ago, there was a report from the Financial Times that the Biden administration had alerted the Ukrainians that they did not want the Ukrainians to target, for example, oil refineries in Russia because of the impact that could have on global energy prices. And I refrained from commenting at that time because it wasn’t clear to me from how far up the chain it has come.

That warning. But in the last week we have heard national Security adviser Jake Sullivan and the vice president, Kamala Harris, both specifically on and on record, warn the Ukrainians that the United States did not want them targeting this sort of infrastructure because of the impact it would have on policy, and on inflation. Now that we know it’s coming from the White House itself, I feel kind of released to comment.

And I don’t really have a very positive comment here. There’s two things going on. Number one, it’s based on some really, really faulty logic and some bad economic analysis. So step one is the concern in the United States that higher energy prices are going to restrict the ability of the Europeans to rally to the cause and support Ukraine.

Nothing could be further from the truth. Most of the Europeans realize that if Ukraine falls they’re next and most of the countries with an activist foreign policy are already firmly on the side of an expanded targeting regime. The biggest holdout would be Germany, where we have an unstable and unconfident leader and coalition that wants to lead from the back, not the front, which I can understand, but most of the Europeans have realized that if we’re actually getting ready for an actual war between Europe and Russia, that’s not going to be free.

And higher energy costs are just kind of baked into that pie. So almost all of the Europeans have basically cut almost all Russian energy out of their fuel mixes already in anticipation for that fight. So argument number one, gone. number two, the idea that this is going to cause the war to expand in a way that will damage Ukraine more.

Well, one of the first things that the Russians did back in 2022, in the war, was target all Ukrainian oil processing facilities. They don’t have much left. So, yes, there’s more things that the Russians can do, but this is basically turned into a semi genocidal war. So it’s really hard to restrain the Ukrainians and doing things that are going to hurt the Russian bottom line that allows them to fund the war.

So that kind of falls apart. specifically, the Ukrainians have proven with home grown weaponry they don’t even need Western weapons for this. They can do precision attacks on Russian refineries, going after some of the really sensitive bits. Now, refineries are huge facilities with a lot of internal distance and a lot of standoff distance. So if you have an explosion in one section, it doesn’t make the whole thing go up like it might in Hollywood.

As a result, there are very specific places that you have to hit, and that requires a degree of precision and accuracy that most countries can’t demonstrate. But the Ukrainians have a specifically go after something called a distillation tower, which is where you basically take heated crude and you put into a giant fractionated column, if you remember high school chemistry, and if you can poke a hole in that, it’s hot and it’s pressurized.

So you get something that spurts out and based where on the verticality you hit. The products that hit are either flammable or explosive. So we’re including a nice little graphic here to show you what that looks like. the Ukrainians have shown that they can hit this in a dozen different facilities, and the Russians have proven that it’s difficult for them to get this stuff back online, because most of the equipment, especially for his distillation tower, is not produced in Russia.

And a lot of it’s not even produced in China. It’s mostly Western tech. So as of April 2nd, which was the last day we had an attack on energy infrastructure in Russia, about 15% of Russian refining capacity had been taken offline. In the two weeks since then, they’ve gotten about a third of that back on using parts they were able to cobble together.

But it gives you an idea that this is a real drain, because we’re talking about 600,000 barrels a day of refined product that just isn’t being made right now. That affects domestic stability in Russia, that affects the capacity of the Russians to operate in the front. And yes, it does impact global energy prices, but that leads me to the third thing that I have a problem with the Biden administration here, and that the impact on the United States is pretty limited.

the United States is not simply the world’s largest producer of crude oil. It’s also the world’s largest producer of refined product to the degree that it is also the world’s largest exporter of refined product. So not only will the United States feel the least pinch in terms of energy inflation from anything in Russia going offline, we also have the issue that the US president, without having to go through Congress, can put restrictions of whatever form he wants on United States export of product.

Doesn’t require a lot of regulatory creativity to come up with a plan that would allow to a limiting of the impact to prices, for energy products in the United States. And I got to say, it is weird to see the United States playing the role of dove when it comes to NATO issues with Ukraine. Usually the U.S. is the hawk.

Now, I don’t think this is going to last. the Biden administration’s logic and analysis on this is just flat out wrong. geopolitically, there’s already a coalition of European countries that wants to take the fight across the border into Russia proper, because they know that now, that’s really the only way that the Ukrainians can win this war.

Second, economically, you take let’s say you take half of Russia’s refined product exports offline. Will that have an impact? Yeah, but it will be relatively moderate because most countries have been moving away from that already. And the Russian product is going to over halfway around the world before it makes it to an end client. So it’s already been stretched.

Removing it will have an impact. But we’ve had two years to adapt, so it’s going to be moderate, though not to mention in the United States, as the world’s largest refined product exporter, we’re already in a glut here, and it doesn’t take much bureaucratic minutia in order to keep some of that glut from going abroad. So mitigating any price impact here for political reasons.

And third, the political context is wrong to the Biden administration is thinking about inflation and how that can be a voter issue, and it is a voter issue. But if you keep the gasoline and the refined product bottle up in the United States, the only people are going to be pissed off are the refiners. And I don’t think any of those people are going to ever vote for the Biden administration in the first place.

There is no need to restrict Ukrainians room to maneuver in order to fight this war. in order to get everything that the Biden administration says that it wants to be.

Things I (Do) Worry About: A Post-Germany Europe

Germany has had a streak hotter than the ’96 Chicago Bulls. The German economic model has contributed to European political, economic, and industrial success, but problems are on the horizon.

Germany’s industrial success can be attributed to three trends: a high value-added economy focusing on skilled labor, access to cheap energy and inputs from Russia, and a global trade system facilitated by the US. Now take away all three of those things, mix in an aging population, workforce shortages, and swath of geopolitical challenges, and you’re left with a very scary picture for the Germans (and Europe).

Germany’s role as the hub of multinational manufacturing means that collapse could send ripple effects across Central Europe, with political, economic and strategic implications.

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First, we look across the world and use our skill sets to identify where the needs are most acute. Second, we look for an institution with preexisting networks for both materials gathering and aid distribution. That way we know every cent of our donation is not simply going directly to where help is needed most, but our donations serve as a force multiplier for a system already in existence. Then we give what we can.

Today, our chosen charity is a group called Medshare, which provides emergency medical services to communities in need, with a very heavy emphasis on locations facing acute crises. Medshare operates right in the thick of it. Until future notice, every cent we earn from every book we sell in every format through every retailer is going to Medshare’s Ukraine fund.

And then there’s you.

Our newsletters and videologues are not only free, they will always be free. We also will never share your contact information with anyone. All we ask is that if you find one of our releases in any way useful, that you make a donation to Medshare. Over one third of Ukraine’s pre-war population has either been forced from their homes, kidnapped and shipped to Russia, or is trying to survive in occupied lands. This is our way to help who we can. Please, join us.

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TranscripT

Hey everybody. Peter Zeihan here, coming to you from the Pacific. Today we’re adding another entry into things that I do and do not worry about, and this one is one that I mostly do worry about, and that’s what happens to Europe, is the German economic model fails. Well, for those of you who don’t live and breathe things German, you basically have three reinforcing trends that have made Germany an industrial superpower, especially for the last 30 years. 

The first one is an extraordinarily high value added economy that is focused on the ultra skilled labor and precision. The problem with that is the German population is aging out and over the next decade they’re going to lose the bulk of that workforce and the retirees are going to start drawing in pensions in health care, instead of paying taxes and providing the capital that’s necessary to keep that high end manufacturing base working. 

So the entire base within the German system is breaking. In addition, number two, relatively cheap, relatively bottomless supplies of energies and inputs from the Russian system, not only those obviously been constrained by sanctions in the Ukraine war, but it was the Germans who did a whole lot of the work in places like Siberia and keeping that production flowing. 

And since the Germans stopped doing that because of the war, we now know that there’s going to be maintenance issues in the Russian system, even if there’s no war damage, even if the sanctions allow the stuff to flow. Now, that’s a little bit loosey goosey. We don’t know how long it’s going to take for this up to go off line, but we know it’s coming. 

And then the third issue is the United States. The Americans have provided warble cover to the world. So that anyone can ship anything anywhere. And the Germans use this before 1990 to ship product primarily to the United States. And more recently, they’ve been using it to ship to China. Well, that’s another country that is facing demographic issues. And there’s a competition between Joe Biden and Donald Trump over who can be more economically protectionist. 

So the entire model is in danger. But the real reason I worry about this is not for Germany per say, but Germany is the hub of a multinational manufacturing system, of which it may be the central and most important part, but it’s hardly the only one. German technology, German training, German infrastructure in German manufacturing supply chains are not contained within Germany. 

They are arguably the single biggest piece of the manufacturing systems in Belgium, in Austria, in Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania, and probably a close second in places like the Netherlands and Denmark. So as the German system fails, even if everyone else demographically is okay and they are not, you’re still looking at the broad scale failure for the entirety of the Central European manufacturing system, and that is going to have any number of rattle on effects politically, economically and strategic. 

Europe’s Latest S*** Show: Farmers On Strike

If you’ve seen the videos of tractors driving through city centers and spraying manure on government buildings, then you’re well aware of the farmer protests happening throughout Europe…but why are they protesting?

The protests, which started in France, are in response to regulatory changes and reduced funding for agriculture in the EU. The Common Agricultural Program has seen drastic cuts to funding and increased restrictions facing farmers.

Despite Europe being a very strong agricultural zone, countries like the US and Brazil stack on the pressure for these European farmers with their higher yields and lower price points. We’ll continue to monitor and release updates as this situation unfolds.

Here at Zeihan On Geopolitics we select a single charity to sponsor. We have two criteria:

First, we look across the world and use our skill sets to identify where the needs are most acute. Second, we look for an institution with preexisting networks for both materials gathering and aid distribution. That way we know every cent of our donation is not simply going directly to where help is needed most, but our donations serve as a force multiplier for a system already in existence. Then we give what we can.

Today, our chosen charity is a group called Medshare, which provides emergency medical services to communities in need, with a very heavy emphasis on locations facing acute crises. Medshare operates right in the thick of it. Until future notice, every cent we earn from every book we sell in every format through every retailer is going to Medshare’s Ukraine fund.

And then there’s you.

Our newsletters and videologues are not only free, they will always be free. We also will never share your contact information with anyone. All we ask is that if you find one of our releases in any way useful, that you make a donation to Medshare. Over one third of Ukraine’s pre-war population has either been forced from their homes, kidnapped and shipped to Russia, or is trying to survive in occupied lands. This is our way to help who we can. Please, join us.

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Romania, After America

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Today’s discussion comes to you from Huron Peak. We’ll discuss one of the middle powers that’s been dealt a bad hand: Romania. At first glance, Romania’s geographic situation looks alright – a nice chunk of land near some water bracketed by the Carpathian Mountains – but zoom in, and you’ll find three very troubling access points.

These access points open up to areas that can support enormous powers, and Romania is just stuck in the middle. This means Romania is often first on the chopping block whenever those powers want to expand or branch out. So Romania is no stranger to being a cog in someone else’s empire.

Even if Romania could make peace with its extensive and mighty neighbors, a handful of smaller players are just as problematic…ahem, Hungary. So, the Romanians have been kept busy, to say the least.

Looking forward, Romania has some big decisions to make. They know Europe is in demographic decline, so there will be a power struggle for the region. They’ve seen Russia’s blunder in Ukraine, so there’s a chance they won’t have to roll over for Putin. So, a partnership with Turkey, one of the region’s emerging powers, could help carry Romania to the most significant chapter in its history.

That’s a bold statement, and yes, there are many caveats to it…but the potential to have a partner like Turkey that’s nearby (not directly adjacent) is a pretty good setup.

Here at Zeihan On Geopolitics we select a single charity to sponsor. We have two criteria:

First, we look across the world and use our skill sets to identify where the needs are most acute. Second, we look for an institution with preexisting networks for both materials gathering and aid distribution. That way we know every cent of our donation is not simply going directly to where help is needed most, but our donations serve as a force multiplier for a system already in existence. Then we give what we can.

Today, our chosen charity is a group called Medshare, which provides emergency medical services to communities in need, with a very heavy emphasis on locations facing acute crises. Medshare operates right in the thick of it. Until future notice, every cent we earn from every book we sell in every format through every retailer is going to Medshare’s Ukraine fund.

And then there’s you.

Our newsletters and videologues are not only free, they will always be free. We also will never share your contact information with anyone. All we ask is that if you find one of our releases in any way useful, that you make a donation to Medshare. Over one third of Ukraine’s pre-war population has either been forced from their homes, kidnapped and shipped to Russia, or is trying to survive in occupied lands. This is our way to help who we can. Please, join us.

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Western Europe, After America

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The Accidental Superpower: Ten Years On

With a new “10 years later” epilogue for every chapter, comes an eye-opening assessment of American power and deglobalization in the bestselling tradition of The World is Flat and The Next 100 Years.

PRE-ORDER MY NEW BOOK HERE

Ahhh, Western Europe. A region with no shortage of history, but how will they move forward into a deglobalized world? Let’s just say Germany will soon be replaced as the dominant regional power.

Germany is approaching demographic collapse and major economic challenges, and its role in the EU will be greatly diminishing. So who will replace them? The most viable candidates are France and the United Kingdom, but only time will tell.

The US and Russia both have a heavy hand of influence in this region, so the power dynamics will continue to evolve as deglobalization sets in. Western Europe will continue drawing lots of attention in the coming years, so we’ll be revisiting this conversation soon.

Prefer to read the transcript? Click here

Here at Zeihan On Geopolitics we select a single charity to sponsor. We have two criteria:

First, we look across the world and use our skill sets to identify where the needs are most acute. Second, we look for an institution with preexisting networks for both materials gathering and aid distribution. That way we know every cent of our donation is not simply going directly to where help is needed most, but our donations serve as a force multiplier for a system already in existence. Then we give what we can.

Today, our chosen charity is a group called Medshare, which provides emergency medical services to communities in need, with a very heavy emphasis on locations facing acute crises. Medshare operates right in the thick of it. Until future notice, every cent we earn from every book we sell in every format through every retailer is going to Medshare’s Ukraine fund.

And then there’s you.

Our newsletters and videologues are not only free, they will always be free. We also will never share your contact information with anyone. All we ask is that if you find one of our releases in any way useful, that you make a donation to Medshare. Over one third of Ukraine’s pre-war population has either been forced from their homes, kidnapped and shipped to Russia, or is trying to survive in occupied lands. This is our way to help who we can. Please, join us.

Support medshare's ukraine fund
Support medshare's global efforts

TranscripT

Hey everybody. Peter Zeihan here coming you from the South Island of New Zealand. Today is going to be the latest in our series on regional power in a post-American world. I want to go through Western Europe here. Now, the dominant power in Europe since the industrial revolution has been German. It’s got the largest population, the most land to work with.

It’s got access to a huge chunk of the northern European plain. It’s littered with navigable rivers. And so it’s always been a capital and an industrial power. And dealing with German strength or German weakness has always been the issue that the rest of Europe has turned dogged. And we are now moving into not simply a period of extreme German weakness, but absolute long term national collapse.

And there is no way that Europe can navigate that without substantial changes to the security, economic and political order. We are dealing with one of the most dramatic demographic collapses ever recorded. We’ve got some of the best data on it. We know that they passed the point of no return back in the 1980s. So even if you include one off events like the civil war in Bosnia or the migrant move up from Syria, those collectively only gave the Germans about 5% of the population increases that they needed in order to stave off decline.

It is not politically possible for them to have events like that every single year from now on in order to prevent demographic collapse. So we’ve always know that the 2020s were going to be the final decade that the Germans could exist as the modern economy. And that’s the best case scenario because we’re also moving to a world where international connections are worse.

And the German economy, because it’s so old, because the average age of the population is in the mid fifties already, they can’t consume what they produce. They have to export it. And as international trade becomes more problematic, especially as the Americans and the Chinese both become more nationalistic on economic issues, the entire German model is facing collapse for geopolitical as well as demographic reasons.

So we need to start thinking of the German space differently, not as kind of a self moralizing, hypocritical position like they have for the Russians. The Chinese during the last couple of American administrations, certainly not as a military superpower that requires people, but instead as something that if you wanted to continue to exist, you have to pay for it.

Basically, Germany is devolving into a much larger version of Greece, and the cost is going to be necessary to maintain the German nation in the German state is an order of magnitude bigger than what the Europeans have paid for the Greeks to continue to exist at this point. And since it’s the Germans that have paid for the Greeks to exist, it is unclear who, if anyone, has the interest or most importantly, the capacity to pay Germany to continue to exist.

That is it. A city can only be made at the highest strategic decision points in Paris and London and in Washington. And I can tell you right now, none of them are really grappling with that issue at this moment. The most likely outcome in the short term, next five years, the Germans will no longer have the financial and economic capacity to pay for the European Union.

And they have been the single largest funder of the EU and its predecessors since the very beginning. And as Germany goes from a half country to have not country, the entire fundamental basis of the European Union crumbles in a day. We are in the final decade of not just the German economy, but the European Union as a whole, and that frees up everyone else in Europe to do something else, whether that’s good or bad, bad for them.

There are two powers worth considering in a post European Europe. The first one, of course, is France. It has the healthiest demography. It has the least complicated security issues as the strongest military. Its economy has not been integrated into Europe as a whole, much less the world. And so in a post globalized system, the French could enter a post German post global post U.S. competition with absolutely everything they need to be a very successful regional power.

Their first issue, of course, is going to be the management of the German decline and whatever the post German space looks like. But they’re going to have their fingers throughout the entire periphery of their interests. The second country that matters, of course, is the United Kingdom. The demographics are significantly better than Germany, although not as good as France.

And of course it’s an island. So just like the French, they never really integrated their economy into the European space. And in the post Brexit world, they are bit by bit, by bit by bit, trying to explore what it means to be an independent middle power. The end result for the Brits was always going to be the same.

Doesn’t matter what the politics and let them tell us it’s always going to be a partnership with North America and most notably with the United States. But until the Brits come to that conclusion publicly, they’re kind of in this limbo. And that buys that most precious of commodities for the French time because the Franco British competition for the last 300 years has obviously been intense.

And until such time as the Brits realized that they have to work hand in glove with the Americans from now on, with the Americans being the hand, they are going to be ceding incremental declines and the geopolitical position from now on. Now, one thing that the Brits have always had but allowed them to punch above their weight is their navy.

They’re an island nation. They have to have a Navy. That means they can choose the time and the place of the competition. That’s always served them well. And in the last few governments, because it’s it’s Britain, you can’t say the last two. It’s like the last 90 now would like Italian style government stability the last several governments have finished work on their Queen Elizabeth class aircraft carriers, which are two of the world’s 14 super carriers, are two of two, a 15.

The problem is, in order to get those out of drydock, they had to get the rest of the military. And so the Brits no longer have a strong enough navy to provide an escort ring for the super carriers. So the only way that their super carriers can sail as part of an American combat group and the Americans really don’t see the point and the Brits making a power play in northern Europe that’s going to constrain London’s room for maneuver, not to strategically versus the United States, but versus the French at a time when the French are riding high and are only going to be riding higher in the future.

Then, of course, the two countries on the outside of the matter the most. Russia doesn’t really directly impact the security of this region unless, of course, they win in Ukraine, which is all bets are off. Good as a motivator. That’s about it. And then the United States, which really hasn’t made up its mind yet, I find it unlikely that the Americans are going to try to subsidize the Germans over the long term.

I find it unlikely that the Americans and the French are going to find themselves on opposite sides of any serious discussion of anything other than cheese policy. The question, though, is whether the countries on the French periphery are going to chew moves to deal with someone other than France. In the case of Portugal, they have one of Europe’s longest standing treaties with the Brits in the case of Spain.

There’s already whispering on the edges of Madrid and Mexico City about the Mexicans sponsoring the Spanish for membership in NAFTA. In the case of Italy, you’ve got a fractured polity that has always gotten along very well with the United States. And then, of course, case of the Netherlands. They will every single time on security issues tied up with the Brits and the Americans over the French.

So there is kind of this competition for who will be the dominant regional power. It’s not that the Americans have an interest in dominating this region, but they certainly have an interest in no one else dominating the region. And that is going to make politics between France and the United States. This weird combination of friendly and rivalrous all at the same time.

For those of you who have been following French-American relations for the last two centuries, this could sound really familiar. It’s just the most recent iteration. All right. That’s it for me. Talk to you guys next time.

 

Europe’s Cold Winter Threatens Energy Supplies

We all know Mother Nature saved Europe’s behind last year, but that won’t be the story this year. So, let’s break down the potential impacts on energy supplies across Europe.

With cold temps settling in much earlier than last year, those energy stockpiles won’t last too long. Europe has reduced its dependence on Russian energy, but can the continent’s new energy suppliers keep up with demand?

We will see this energy diversification’s effectiveness put to the test very soon, and any disruptions could carry global implications. This will likely serve as an ‘aha’ moment for countries that source energy from far away and poke holes in that vulnerable system.

Prefer to read the transcript? Click here

Here at Zeihan On Geopolitics we select a single charity to sponsor. We have two criteria:

First, we look across the world and use our skill sets to identify where the needs are most acute. Second, we look for an institution with preexisting networks for both materials gathering and aid distribution. That way we know every cent of our donation is not simply going directly to where help is needed most, but our donations serve as a force multiplier for a system already in existence. Then we give what we can.

Today, our chosen charity is a group called Medshare, which provides emergency medical services to communities in need, with a very heavy emphasis on locations facing acute crises. Medshare operates right in the thick of it. Until future notice, every cent we earn from every book we sell in every format through every retailer is going to Medshare’s Ukraine fund.

And then there’s you.

Our newsletters and videologues are not only free, they will always be free. We also will never share your contact information with anyone. All we ask is that if you find one of our releases in any way useful, that you make a donation to Medshare. Over one third of Ukraine’s pre-war population has either been forced from their homes, kidnapped and shipped to Russia, or is trying to survive in occupied lands. This is our way to help who we can. Please, join us.

Support medshare's ukraine fund
Support medshare's global efforts

TranscripT

Hey, everybody. Peter Zeihan here. Coming to you from Colorado. It is the 5th of December. You’ll be seeing this the following week. And today I want to talk about the weather in Europe and what it’s setting up for us. Unlike last winter, which was one of the warmest winters on record in Europe, winter has come a little bit early across the continent, and it’s a little colder than normal.

We are in roughly the thirties to the forties in Berlin at about ten degrees warmer than that in Paris, about ten degrees colder than that in Kiev. So much more typical, maybe a touch on the colder side. The problem we have, of course, is that the Europeans have gotten most of their energy from the Russian space and they’re in the process of trying to phase that down to zero.

And they’ve had a relative success in doing that. Lots of hiccups, of course, But, you know, it’s a big place.

They’ve done this by doing two things. Number one, they’ve shut down some of their heavier industry, although some of that did come back on this lot online this summer. They’ve also grabbed a lot of natural gas from the United States. The Norwegians have really bellied up to the bar with some new projects and then they’ve gone into kind of what you might consider their near abroad, places like the Middle East and basically and West Africa and just taken everything.

That means that if you are a country that used to get things from those zones and I’m thinking here about Southeast Asia or East Asia or Africa, you’re now getting your crude from further and further away. And this is going to spell some interesting things this this winter. The Europeans lucked out last year because they had such warm weather that they were able to keep energy prices under control and only had to go through a few controlled brown and blackouts if they were to have a really harsh winter.

We’re going to put to the test all the things they put into place over the last year and a half since the Ukraine war. And it’s too early to say that that’s going to be wildly successful or horrible. But what we do know is that because they have reoriented their supplies from further away now and everyone else is now having to get stuff from you and further away.

For example, the anything that the Russians are exporting right now typically goes still out to the western ports on the Black Sea and the Baltic Sea, then goes all the way around Europe and then through Suez or around Africa. But to get to East Asia, for example, which is, you know, a for almost as far actually I think it’s a little further than halfway around the planet.

It is a big place, especially when you throw in Africa anyway. It means that if there is a disruption for any reason, we’re not just looking at the Europeans having problems this time around, it could be much bigger. Something to keep in mind is that there are very, very, very few countries on the planet who have the ability to project maritime power.

The top of the list, of course, is the United States. But the U.S. is in its own energy bubble, so it’s really a non-factor. The second one is Japan. They’ve got the second largest long reach Navy in the world. The United Kingdom is clearly in the third place. The French are clearly in fourth place. And after that, it’s kind of a mix of regional navies.

The Japanese get a lot of credit for having a lot of ships, but most of their ships are these very small 2000 ton Corvettes that really can only sail a few hundred miles. So they may have a lot of vessels, but they don’t have a lot of weight and they certainly don’t have a lot of reach. So in any scenario where there’s not enough energy, either because of a disruption somewhere or a strike or a war, the Europeans are perfectly capable of using their regional navies.

And I’m here thinking like the Spanish navy, the Turkish Navy, the Italian Navy, in addition to the French and the Brits to go into their near abroad and ensure the oil and the natural gas comes to them. And it helps that the United States isn’t going to be a security problem from an energy point of view, and it helps that Norway is hooked up by pipe.

No one else has that. So if you have a disruption, the United States is fine, the Europeans are fine, and the Japanese have the reach and the friendship with the United States to make things happen. No one else does. So we’re now entering a situation where harsh winter anywhere in the world can generate an energy crisis or a military conflict anywhere in the world can generate an energy crisis, or a political spat anywhere in the world can generate a energy crisis, and it makes for a much more vulnerable system because it’s not like you can go next door.

You now have to go several countries away or maybe even a couple of continents. And for most of the world, that has never been an option. And for the countries where it is, they’re the ones that have the military to make sure it works. So it’s not so much that I am worried about Europe this winter, although I’m not not worried.

We haven’t put any of this to the test. I’m worried about everybody else because the Europeans have the capacity to use multiple tools to try to address their problems and they’ve got allies to help. No one else can claim that.

 

Dutch Politics: What Geert Wilder’s New Coalition Means for Europe

The Netherlands has recently undergone an election of its own, so let’s look at the incoming coalition and how it will impact Dutch politics.

In the Netherlands, voters cast their ballots for a party rather than individuals, giving them a multi-party system with countless coalition possibilities. Geert Wilders will likely lead the incoming coalition, but bringing together at least four parties is no easy task. All that to say, Wilders will have to compromise on some of his more extreme ideas if he wants to build this coalition with any semblance of speed.

The Netherlands has long operated as a broker for Europe. The previous PM, Mark Rutte, played that role perfectly, but I’m not as optimistic about Wilders. The longer it takes to form his coalition, the more the plot will thicken…

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Today, our chosen charity is a group called Medshare, which provides emergency medical services to communities in need, with a very heavy emphasis on locations facing acute crises. Medshare operates right in the thick of it. Until future notice, every cent we earn from every book we sell in every format through every retailer is going to Medshare’s Ukraine fund.

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TranscripT

Morning, everybody. Peter Zeihan here coming to you from a chilly New York City in Central Park. We’ve had a fresh election in the Netherlands, which looks like it’s going to generate a couple of interesting effects. So I thought it was worth talking about it. Specifically, the outgoing government of Margaret Ruther is now giving way to an incoming coalition that will be led most likely by a guy by the name of Gert Viel.

There’s who’s got frizzy hair. He’s oftentimes called the Dutch Trump because of his views on immigration and other countries in general. It’s nothing like that. This is still very Dutch, which is to say center, center right. Fairly calm politics. But a lot of people are worried that this is going to break a lot of European issues, perhaps causing complications for Ukraine policy and the short version is we’re just not there yet.

The Netherlands has a very different electoral system for the United States. So in the United States, we have a first past the post single member district system, which is a fancy way of saying that when you go to the ballot box, you vote for a very specific person who’s going to represent a very specific group of people in a delineated geographic area, whether it’s your state or your district.

That’s not how it works in the Netherlands and the Netherlands, you go and you vote for a party. And if a party gets 30% of the vote, as Wilders party did, they then get 30% of the parliamentary seats. This is an interesting system that allows for maybe a little bit more of a pure democracy system, although you don’t know who you’re going to necessarily get because it’s on a party list.

And if they get 30 seats in the top 30 people on their party list, get the seats. But the Netherlands has a weird way of doing things because they really don’t have a floor. There’s 150 seats in the parliament. And if you get 1/150 of the vote, you get a seat, which means you get a lot of parties.

And I think there’s going to be something like 11 in the new parliament. So Wilders isn’t simply going to be prime minister. He first has to cobble together a coalition of a minimum of four parties in order to then establish a government. This is a lengthy process, even when everybody sees everything from the same point of view. So the outgoing government of Ruth, for example, took them nine months to build their government last time, I think eight months the time before that.

So we are not going to see a new Dutch government this year. And it’s entirely possible, considering how actually I say this personality challenge to builders is that we might not even see it next year. Now, you shouldn’t necessarily expect to see huge shifts in policymaking in the near term because some of the builders more from the Dutch point of view, egregious ideas are going to have to go away if he’s going to build a coalition.

In addition, there’s really not a lot of argument anywhere across the political spectrum in the Netherlands about Netherlands place in the world. The Netherlands is pro-American and pro-British and pro-European for reasons that are different from a lot of other countries. Specifically, they’re pro-European because they don’t really like the Germans or the French that much. And the general idea is if you can get the French and the Germans into an institution where other members can kind of dilute their influence, then everybody wins, especially the Dutch, because they handle the trade between the French and the Germans.

They like to keep the Brits close because it’s, again, a hedge against Germany and France and let’s keep the Americans close for the same reason. Keep in mind that the Netherlands is a small chunk of territory, roughly the size of this state here, and as a result, it has a little problem with the fence because it’s completely flat and it’s its borders are completely exposed to its neighbors.

So it’s never going to be a military power. All it can hope is to entangle as many other military powers into its own interests so that the French or the Germans don’t just run roughshod across them. The problem we’re going to see is not with European policy per say. It’s not like things are going to change in the Netherlands, it’s just that for the next several months, maybe up to a year, we’re not going to have a government in the Netherlands that’s capable of playing what has traditionally been the other big role of the Netherlands in Europe, and that is of broker because the Netherlands is either considered the smallest of the large states or

the largest of the small states. They’ve got their fingers on a lot of pots, and it allows the Netherlands to broker deals with parties across the spectrum on economic size and wealth that you wouldn’t expect a middle power like the Netherlands to be able to pull off. And in this, Mark Rutte, that has been key. There’s been a lot that’s happened under his leadership.

He came in at the tail end of the financial crisis when the Greek bailouts were getting really crazy. He helped participate in the solidification of the expansion to include the new members. And now he’s played a central role in the next wave of expansion that is supposed to include a number of countries in the former Soviet sphere of influence up to including Ukraine.

And he’s been doing this while being a relatively reliable spokesman for American and British interests in Europe, as long as it doesn’t hurt Europe. So this sort of balanced, integrated player has been very, very, very important. Everything that’s gone down in Europe for the last decade because he’s been running the place for almost 15 years now, Villiers, regardless of what he says, does have a lot of experience doing this.

Yes, he’s been in the Parliament for the last quarter century, but he’s never been in a government. He reminds me a little bit of Joe Biden and that he’s never really had a big boy job. And so it’s going to take time for him to build the gravitas. It’s necessary to play that broker role within the European Union.

And until then, the French and the Germans don’t have the marriage counselor, and the rest of Europe doesn’t have their advocate of their handbrake. That’s assuming we get a government tomorrow and we’re not going to get a government for months. So the ability of Europe to manage in this environment just went down a very, very big Dutch shaped notch because the Netherlands at the moment can’t play its traditional role.

Russian Oil Thrives Despite European Sanctions

While sanctions on Russian natural gas have proven highly effective, those imposed upon Russian oil have somewhat backfired. Although oil exports have dropped by 10%, several factors have skyrocketed Russia’s earning potential.

Oil is much easier to transport than natural gas, so getting it to destinations is of less concern. There’s also a global shortage of heavy sour crude – the kind that comes from Russia’s Urals – which has driven up prices significantly. Europe’s sanction strategy targeted financing and insurance, but Russia has circumvented these restrictions via state-sponsored insurance programs and old tanker purchases.

Thanks to Europe’s phased implementation of sanctions, the Russians had ample time to find loopholes and undermine this system. The Europeans may have to come up with some more “direct” tactics to put the hurt on the Russians.

This situation remains unpredictable; we could see Ukrainian strikes on Russian ports or even some insurance claims will stir the pot. But If oil sanctions were as effective as the sanctions on natural gas, the dynamics of this war would be fundamentally changed.

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First, we look across the world and use our skill sets to identify where the needs are most acute. Second, we look for an institution with preexisting networks for both materials gathering and aid distribution. That way we know every cent of our donation is not simply going directly to where help is needed most, but our donations serve as a force multiplier for a system already in existence. Then we give what we can.

Today, our chosen charity is a group called Medshare, which provides emergency medical services to communities in need, with a very heavy emphasis on locations facing acute crises. Medshare operates right in the thick of it. Until future notice, every cent we earn from every book we sell in every format through every retailer is going to Medshare’s Ukraine fund.

And then there’s you.

Our newsletters and videologues are not only free, they will always be free. We also will never share your contact information with anyone. All we ask is that if you find one of our releases in any way useful, that you make a donation to Medshare. Over one third of Ukraine’s pre-war population has either been forced from their homes, kidnapped and shipped to Russia, or is trying to survive in occupied lands. This is our way to help who we can. Please, join us.

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Transcript

Hey everybody. Peter Zeihan here, coming to you from Colorado. Now, yesterday, we talked about how some of the European sanctions on the Russian energy industry were working much better than expected. So now let’s kind of flip that and talk about some that are not doing nearly as well. That has to do with oil, whereas with natural gas, Russian exports to Europe are down by 85% and Russian production is now the lowest in 40 years.

Oil has dropped off a little bit, about 10%, but the Russian ability to profit from it has skyrocketed senior earning significantly more now than it did before the war. And it’s worth explaining why in the sanctions are out of the reason why the Russians are doing so well in that field. So there’s three things to keep in mind when you’re talking about oil markets.

Number one is the physicality of things. Natural gas is a gas. It’s hard to move from place to place. And you pretty much have to have a dedicated piece of physical infrastructure, typically pipeline, to get it from A to B. You can’t chill it down in a liquefied form, roughly negative three degrees, and move it via specialized tankers that unload in specialized facilities.

But those things are so specialized, they’re not really they don’t allow for a really liquid market. Oil’s different. Oil is a liquid and it is a liquid at room temperature. So you can put it into pretty much any type of container shipping device that you want. And while the Europeans did, for the most part, stop taking oil from the Russians in perfect form, the Russians are able to export over half of their oil by water to be a tanker.

And they were even able to redirect some of the piped crude to their ports. Which brings us to the chemistry problem. Not all crude is the same. In the world of natural gas. Methane is methane is methane in the world of oil. There’s different varieties, light and sweet versus heavy and sour. Light and sweet has very few contaminants and it is very thin, almost clear where the heavy sour is thick and gooey might even be solid at room temperature and is black and viscous.

And different refineries around the world are designed to run on different grades of crude, sometimes even specific crude types from specific fields. And that makes it a little bit more of a mismatch problem that natural gas just doesn’t have to deal with. So, for example, in the markets right now, there is an oversupply of light sweet on a global scale, primarily because of the United States.

U.S. shale crude is different from most crude in that it’s trapped at the moment of geological formation. And so it never migrates through the rock strata. And it’s the migration that picks up the contaminants that makes crude heavier and more sour. Well, American refineries are designed to run on heavier and sour, so that light sweet is kind of stranded in North America.

So it has to be exported by tanker to the wider world. And so light sweet crude is trading at a significant discount to a lot of global crude grades, despite the fact that it’s considered high quality. On the flip side, we’re running out of heavy sour. Venezuela used to be a massive producer, and it’s found ever more creative ways to commit national suicide.

The Mexicans used to be a reasonably large supplier, and they’re keeping their crude at home because their economic development has demanded more energy. And the world’s single largest crude grade of all is none other than Russia’s Urals blend, which is a medium sour, medium heavy blend. And so taking even small amounts of that off the market has had an outsized impact on pricing.

And so even though there’s supposedly a price cap that the Europeans set at $60 a barrel, that anything above that the Russians shouldn’t be able to sell it. Right now, Russian Urals is going for 85. And there’s not much the market can do about it. Which brings us to the third point, which is the legalities and the niceties.

When the Europeans stop taking the piped oil and started to slim down, they’re taking of the tanker, shipped oil from Russia. They used their ability to influence global financing, global insurance, specifically saying that anyone who delivered or participated in the supply chain that took Russian crude and if it was sold above $60, they wouldn’t be able to qualify for any European based insurance or financing, trade, finance included.

And since that is the source of the vast, vast, vast majority of the world’s maritime shipping insurance, the thinking was that that is going to discourage anyone from doing it. Well, they also didn’t want to destroy their own economies when they were doing this. So they phased all this in over the course of the year. And it turns out that that was enough time for everybody who was interested to set up alternative systems.

So India, China and Russia now all offer state sponsored insurance programs for maritime shipping. And the Chinese and the Russians in particular, have gone out and purchased huge numbers of really, really old, decrepit tankers and are running them kind of under the radar, turning off the transponders so they can’t be tracked easily. And those two things together has allowed a huge amount of Russian crude to sail the world’s oceans without any even tangential connection to the European financiers that it was thought would be able to keep all of this stuff off the market altogether.

The very act of providing the market with time to adjust gave the market time to adjust for all players. And so the stuff is still coming out now. If the Europeans and to a wider degree, the West in general is going to take an ax to Russian crude, they’re going to have to get a lot more creative or they’re going to have to act a lot more directly.

Keep in mind that roughly 1 million and a half of barrels of crude every day Russian crude are flowing out of the port of Morse on the Baltic Sea and another million and a half on the port of overseas on the Black Sea. And as long as the Europeans are not willing to take direct action against that, and they definitely have the military capacity to do so, should they so choose this seems like it’s going to keep flowing.

About the only potential fly in the ointment there is on the Black Sea, and that the Ukrainians have now said that they are willing to attack targets in Russian ports. Now, since they made that threat about five weeks ago, now they haven’t acted on that threat, even though their supposed deadline now has expired three weeks in the past.

But it’s probably going to take some sort of military action by someone to remove this from the market or one other possibility, as we have some sort of mishap where those insurance claims get called upon and the Indians and the Chinese and the Russians who have never offered these insurance plans before now will probably find themselves in arbitration almost immediately when they try not to pay.

But that’s a series of if then statements that are impossible to predict at the current moment. Honestly, I’m a little surprised it hasn’t happened by now, considering everything that’s gone down in the Ukraine work. But that is where we are. So Europeans natural gas working better than expected will not working nearly as well as expected.

European Sanctions Cause Russian Natural Gas Collapse

Most of Europe has been working to reduce dependency on Russian natural gas, and boy, did they deliver. Russia’s natural gas state monopoly, Gazprom, has just reported its lowest output levels since 1978.

Sanctions targeting piped natural gas have effectively cut off supply to Europe, and the exisiting infrastructure cannot be easily redirected. While Russia has alternative natural gas sources and facilities, the limited workforce and technical challenges make these options difficult to maintain.

European sanctions are working well, and these efforts may permanently sever ties to Russian natural gas with little impact on their own systems. The Russian natural gas industry is facing an unprecedented fall from grace, but not all industries have been impacted equally…

Oil, however, is a completely different beast. We will deal with that tomorrow…

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First, we look across the world and use our skill sets to identify where the needs are most acute. Second, we look for an institution with preexisting networks for both materials gathering and aid distribution. That way we know every cent of our donation is not simply going directly to where help is needed most, but our donations serve as a force multiplier for a system already in existence. Then we give what we can.

Today, our chosen charity is a group called Medshare, which provides emergency medical services to communities in need, with a very heavy emphasis on locations facing acute crises. Medshare operates right in the thick of it. Until future notice, every cent we earn from every book we sell in every format through every retailer is going to Medshare’s Ukraine fund.

And then there’s you.

Our newsletters and videologues are not only free, they will always be free. We also will never share your contact information with anyone. All we ask is that if you find one of our releases in any way useful, that you make a donation to Medshare. Over one third of Ukraine’s pre-war population has either been forced from their homes, kidnapped and shipped to Russia, or is trying to survive in occupied lands. This is our way to help who we can. Please, join us.

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Transcript

Hey everyone. Peter Zeihan here coming to you from Colorado. And the news today is that Gazprom has announced its full year output levels. Gazprom is the Russian natural gas state monopoly, and it is the lowest that it has been since 1978. So. Well, pre-dating the Soviet collapse. And the reason is pretty straightforward. The Europeans have tried to cut their dependency upon Russian natural gas to zero.

And at least in terms of the piped natural gas, they’ve been pretty successful. Now, this is something that is not exactly a shock to people who are familiar with the industry. There are many aspects of the sanctions that are working better than others. This is one of the ones that definitely working better. And the reason is the nature of natural gas itself.

Natural gas is a gas, and it takes a specialized system to produce it, to transport it, and to export it. And if there is a gap anywhere along the system, whether it’s insurance or the pipes or the pumps or the legalities or whatever it happens to be, the whole thing stops and it can’t easily be redirected. And in the case of the Russian stuff that goes to Europe, almost all of it comes from an area called Uruguay, which has been in production now for a half century, goes down a couple thousand miles of pipes through Ukraine and Belarus, into Poland, Germany, Slovakia, Hungary and the rest.

And since this can’t be redirected. When the Europeans stopped taking deliveries, the Russians had to, bit by bit by bit, shut everything down. There are other natural gas options that the Russians have. There’s some that comes from eastern Siberia, well east of the Urals, that goes south into China. There are a couple liquefied natural gas facilities, one on Sakhalin Island, primarily, which goes to Japan and one of the small peninsula, which primarily gets shipped to Europe.

And those are still working mostly. But we should expect even those to go off line in the not too distant future. The problem is, is that those other facilities, the Yol, Yamal, LNG, Sakhalin, LNG, and it’s called Comvita, which is a field in the general vicinity of Irkutsk out near Lake Baikal. Those are all much more technically challenging, and the Russians didn’t do any of the work to bring them online.

That was almost exclusively done by foreigners with British major BP being the single largest player. But the Japanese Mitsui Mitsubishi are involved in Stockland as well as ExxonMobil, and most of those companies are now gone. The Japanese are still involved in Stockland, but ExxonMobil and BP are just cut their losses and left completely. And the Russians do not have the technical skills necessary to maintain those projects in the long term.

As for whether or not the Russians can come back, you know, that’s an open question. The Russians used to be the best in the world when it came to ice production and tundra production. But that was in the Soviet period. And the Soviet industrial educational system collapsed around 1985 and the Russian birthrate collapsed in a similar timeframe. So not only do they have a significantly fewer people who could theoretically be trained up in engineering the system that trained them is born.

So the youngest people who have the full suite of, say, petroleum engineering and reservoir management experience are now in their early sixties, and there just aren’t that many of them left. And for the last 20 years, most of the meaningful maintenance work that has been done in places like here in Hawaii, most of the worked on improving recovery rates has been done by foreigners with BP and ExxonMobil and to a lesser degree, the Germans and the Dutch being the major players.

That’s all gone. So Uruguay being a mature zone could probably be brought back as a significant production zone if you applied shale technologies in mass. But as the Americans have shown, shale works in areas that are relatively close to population centers because it requires a significant amount of labor. And it doesn’t work very well in places that freeze solid because you need a lot of water.

And Uruguay is a thousand miles from anything that matters. So that will probably never come back online because the Russians can’t do it themselves. And the technologies that might allow it to work simply are inappropriate for the geography in the case of exports to Europe. They are now down by 85% compared to the start of the war. What is left is just a trickle that is going to three countries Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, who really don’t have any alternatives to taking natural gas supplies from the Russians, which is one of the reasons why Hungary, Slovakia and to a lesser degree Czech Republic have been the three countries that have been most opposed to the sanctions

regimes in general, and most of the exceptions that have been carved out of the sanctions regime involve those three countries. That’s not going to change this year. That might start to change next year as the Europeans are building up lots and lots of lots of interconnections so that they can cut their links to Russia. Natural gas for good.

And when that happens, all that will be left of the Russian natural gas industry is what’s going through the domestic markets. And perhaps cyclin LNG because the Japanese are involved there. And that’s completely separate political question. But that is crazy because you’re talking about the world’s largest producer and largest exporter of natural gas vanishing from global markets in less than four years.

And that is absolutely unprecedented. Honestly, it’s more than a mild shock that the price shocks that the Europeans have felt at this point have been so mild. They really have been able to bring in liquefied natural gas from other suppliers, most notably a Persian Gulf in the United States. This has put a lot of price pressure on everyone else who used to get natural gas from those locations.

But to this point, I got to hand it to the Europeans. They have put together a sanctions regime that at least in part, is doing exactly what they hoped. Jeremy. Russia now exports, cutting Russian income without unduly shocking their own system. I honestly did not think they could pull this off, but so far so good.

The European Union: Will It Adapt or Die?

The fate of the European Union will likely be decided in the coming week; if that doesn’t pique your interest, I’m not sure what will.

The meetings are set, and there’s plenty on the docket; now it’s time for the peaceful EU that has existed since WWII to face the music. To keep up with the times, the EU must rework its rule of law, fix the corruption issues, move away from its focus on agricultural subsidies, and eliminate single-member vetoes.

Once those issues have been addressed, admitting new members – primarily those under Russian threat – will help the EU balance its economic and military strengths.

The EU is a square peg trying to fit in a round hole, and if it can’t round out those edges, its 27 member states are in for a shit-storm.

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Here at Zeihan On Geopolitics we select a single charity to sponsor. We have two criteria:

First, we look across the world and use our skill sets to identify where the needs are most acute. Second, we look for an institution with preexisting networks for both materials gathering and aid distribution. That way we know every cent of our donation is not simply going directly to where help is needed most, but our donations serve as a force multiplier for a system already in existence. Then we give what we can.

Today, our chosen charity is a group called Medshare, which provides emergency medical services to communities in need, with a very heavy emphasis on locations facing acute crises. Medshare operates right in the thick of it. Until future notice, every cent we earn from every book we sell in every format through every retailer is going to Medshare’s Ukraine fund.

And then there’s you.

Our newsletters and videologues are not only free, they will always be free. We also will never share your contact information with anyone. All we ask is that if you find one of our releases in any way useful, that you make a donation to Medshare. Over one third of Ukraine’s pre-war population has either been forced from their homes, kidnapped and shipped to Russia, or is trying to survive in occupied lands. This is our way to help who we can. Please, join us.

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Transcript

Hey everybody. Peter Zeihan here coming to you from Cape Cod, where we have to talk about the EU, European Union. You use a group of states, 27 of them right now, who have kind of thrown their lot together to form an economic grouping so they can economically be a bigger power on the world stage. And they’re starting to discover that economics without military power have a problem.

So they’re looking to their east, and they see a whole lot of states that are either directly threatened by the Russians are at war with them, like, say, Ukraine, and they’re coming to the conclusion very quickly that if they don’t let these countries into the EU, it’s going to actually cost them more the long run. So on the 5th of October, they are meeting with all of these governments to see what they can do.

And then on the following day, all the Europeans are meeting without the potential new members to figure out what they need to change about the EU in order to let these countries in. The issue is the identity of the European Union has always been a peace project in the aftermath of World War Two. They tried to create a Europe that was United, free and at peace, and it broadly worked.

But that environment is now gone and things need to change. So the biggest problems they have, or there’s two big ones. Number one, a lot of these states have weak rule of law and are fairly corrupt. And number two, a lot of them are heavily agrarian and courtesy of some of the evolutions of the EU early in its development.

Until very recently, over half of all EU funds were given as agricultural subsidies. That’s down to about a third now, but still a huge chunk of the budget. And all of these countries would basically absorb every scrap of cash that the EU would have. In addition, EU decision making is founded on national vetoes for any sort of big issue like enlargement or taxes.

So tiny little Greece can veto, for example, Greek bailout terms that they don’t like, which has led to the organization kind of being an institutional pygmy when anything real is involved and they tend to squabble about the most irrelevant things, such as, say, cheese policy. So if this is going to work, if the EU is going to matter, if the EU is going to survive, a lot of this needs to change and it’s not necessarily the countries that they’re looking to admit that need to do most of the changes.

They need to get rid of a single member vetoes, which means countries like France can’t shape the union to their liking anymore. They probably do get a little bit softer and things like rule of law and corruption, which is going to be of a problem because there are already countries in the EU that are backsliding quite a bit with Poland and Hungary being at the top of that list.

And they have to change the financial system so that it’s not just all going to relatively nonproductive of farmers or to big conglomerate farmers in places like Ukraine. So this is one of those situations where the world that the EU was built for doesn’t exist any longer, and they’ve got to decide if the EU can change in order to adapt to that world and shape it on the other side.

And we’re probably going to have a really good idea about that in less than a week. All right. That’s it for me. See you guys next time.